Determination of fish trophic levels in an estuarine system     

S. Pasquaud  M. Pillet  V. David  B. Sautour  P. Elie 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2010

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Trophic ecology of the rocky shore community associated with the Ascophyllum nodosum zone (Roscoff,France): A δC vs δN investigation     

Pascal Riera  Carole Escaravage  Cédric Leroux 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009

This study aimed to characterize the structure and functioning of the benthic food web associated with the Ascophyllum nodosum zone of the rocky shore of Roscoff by using δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N. Several characteristics of the trophic ecology of the invertebrates associated with this mid-littoral habitat and which belong to different functional groups (e.g., grazers, filter-feeders, predators and omnivores) were highlighted. In particular, the filter feeder species (including mostly sponges) used macroalgae-derived organic matter as a substantial food requirement. The results also pointed out an important stable isotopes variability for strict coexisting primary consumers which: (1) is directly related to the high δ¹⁵N range of the food sources; (2) makes it impossible to establish a unique trophic level scale based on δ¹⁵N values, as previously done in coastal environments; and (3) points out the existence of major co-occurring trophic pathways which characterise the Ascophyllum nodosum habitat.  相似文献   

Trophic relationships in the Changjiang River estuarine salt marshes: preliminary investigation from δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N analysis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

QUAN Weimin  HUANG Danqing  CHU Tianjiang  SHENG Qiang  FU Cuizhang  CHEN Jiakuan  WU Jihua 《海洋学报(英文版)》2009,28(3):50-58

To obtain information on food web structure in salt marshes of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary, the δ13C and δ15N values of primary producers and consumers were determined. The mean δ13C values of 31 dominant consumers ranged from -23.13‰ to -14.37‰. Except for several species (Eriocheir sinensis, Sinonovacula constricta and Potamocorbula ustulata), consumers had intermediate δ13C values between those of benthic microalgae and Spartina alterniflora. The mean δ15N values of 31 dominant consumers varie...  相似文献   

A Pilot Study of Trophic Level and Human Origins at the Xiaoshuangqiao Site, China (ca. 1400 BC) Using δD Values of Collagen     

WANG Ning  LI Suting  HU Yaowu  SONG Guoding 《《地质学报》英文版》2017,91(5):1884-1892

We present here a pilot study to examine trophic level effects and migration patterns at the middle Shang Dynasty site of Xiaoshuangqiao in Henan Province using δD results combined with δ13C and δ15N values. A total of 33 specimens (17 humans, 7 cattle, 5 pigs, 3 sheep, 1 dog) of bone collagen were isotopically analyzed for δ13C, δ15N, and dD values. A strong positive correlation (R2 = 0.94) between mean δ15N and δD values of herbivores (cattle and sheep), omnivores (pig), carnivores (dog) and humans was observed. The δD results were found to increase by ~10‰ to 20‰ from herbivores to omnivores to carnivorous, evidence that collagen δD results are a useful indicator for the study of trophic levels and dietary patterns at archaeological sites. The δD results were also used to examine the origins of two different groups of individuals buried at Xiaoshuangqiao. Individuals buried in sacrificial pits of district V had mean δD values (?47.0 ± 2.9‰, n = 11) that were significantly (p = 0.049) elevated compared to the people buried in the stratigraphy of district IX (?51.3 ± 3.3‰, n = 3), indicating that they were ingesting water from different locations. In addition, the D values of the people buried in the stratigraphy were similar to the pigs (?54.5 ± 4.2‰, n = 5) at Xiaoshuangqiao, suggesting that they were most probably of the local population, and that the individuals buried in the sacrificial pits were most possibly from the coast and prisoners of the Dongyi (“东夷”) people. Thus, δD results have the potential to examine human origins and migration patterns and should be increasingly used in conjunction with δ13C and δ15N values at archaeological sites.  相似文献   

应用物质平衡模型模拟一个半封闭海湾的营养结构和能流特征   总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3  

韩东燕  薛莹  张崇良  任一平 《海洋学报(英文版)》2017,36(10):60-69

The marine ecosystem of the Jiaozhou Bay has degraded significantly in fisheries productivity and its ecological roles as spawning and nursery ground for many species of commercial importance has been declining in recent years. A mass-balanced trophic model was developed using Ecopath with Ecosim to evaluate the trophic structure of the Jiaozhou Bay for improving ecosystem management. The model were parameterized based on the fisheries survey data in the Jiaozhou Bay in 2011, including 23 species groups and one detritus group according to their ecological roles. The trophic levels of these ecological groups ranged from 1(primary producers and detritus) to4.3(large demersal fishes). The estimated total system throughput was 12 917.10 t/(km~2·a), with 74.59% and25.41% contribution of the total energy flows from phytoplankton and detritus, respectively. Network analyses showed that the overall transfer efficiency of the ecosystem was 14.4%, and the mean transfer efficiency was 14.5%for grazing food chain and 13.9% for detritus food chain. The system omnivory index(SOI), Finn's cycled index(FCI) and connectance index(CI) were relatively low in this area while the total primary production/total respiration(TPP/TR) was high, indicating an immature and unstable status of the Jiaozhou Bay ecosystem. Mixed trophic impact analysis revealed that the cultured shellfish had substantial negative impacts on most functional groups. This study contributed to ecosystem-level evaluation and management planning of the Jiaozhou Bay ecosystem.  相似文献   

内蒙古岱海水体营养状况分析   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

周云凯  姜加虎  黄群  孙占东  王红娟 《干旱区地理》2006,29(1):42-46

岱海是我国半干旱区的一个典型内陆湖。近年来,由于受到流域人类活动的强烈干预,湖泊水位持续下降,湖面不断萎缩。与此同时,湖泊水质也呈现出明显的恶化趋势,2004年水质监测结果显示,湖水中TN、TP和CODMn均出现超标,全湖水质达到劣Ⅴ类。采用综合营养状态指数法进行评价,岱海水体已处于中度富营养化水平,但受湖周生产布局的影响,营养状况空间分布有所差异,自湖西向湖东,营养状态指数逐渐减小,富营养化程度也相应降低。在时间变化上,岱海已由1996年的中营养化过渡到2004年的中度富营养化,上升了两个营养级别。引起岱海水质恶化的原因主要是农田地表径流及城镇所产生的生活污水,另外,湖泊的不断萎缩也是一个不容忽视的影响因素。为防止岱海水环境继续恶化,根据流域特点提出了一些具体的防治对策和建议。  相似文献   

River channel dynamics following extirpation of wolves in northwestern Yellowstone National Park,USA     

Robert L. Beschta  W. J. Ripple 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2006,31(12):1525-1539

Historical records indicate that gray wolves (Canis lupus) were extirpated from the upper Gallatin River Basin in the early 1900s. Following the removal of these large carnivores, elk (Cervis elaphus) began to increasingly browse streamside vegetation in the winter range, causing widespread loss of formerly extensive willow (Salix spp.) communities. Historical aerial photographs and chronosequences of ground photographs were used to characterize general changes in vegetation and channel morphology over time. In August of 2004, riparian vegetation and channel cross‐sections were surveyed along three reaches of the upper Gallatin River. Reach A was located upstream of the elk winter range (control reach) whereas reaches B and C (treatment reaches) were located within the elk winter range. Willow cover on floodplains averaged 85 per cent for reach A, but only 26 per cent and 5 per cent for reaches B and C, respectively. The average return period of calculated bankfull discharges was 3·1 yrs for reach A but increased to 32·4 yrs and 10·6 yrs for reaches B and C, respectively. The long‐term loss of streamside vegetation allowed channels to generally increase in hydraulic capacity (via increases in width, incision or both) and decrease their hydrologic connectivity with adjacent floodplains. This study documents, perhaps for the first time, the resultant impacts to riparian vegetation functions and stream channel characteristics following the extirpation of a large mammalian carnivore. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

The trophic basis of reference and post-fire stream food webs 10 years after wildfire in Yellowstone National Park     

Timothy B. Mihuc  G. Wayne Minshall 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》2005,67(4):541-548

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Influence of algal farming on fish assemblages     

Bergman KC  Svensson S  Ohman MC 《Marine pollution bulletin》2001,42(12):1379-1389

We examined the influence of algal farming on fish assemblages in two shallow coastal lagoons in Zanzibar, Tanzania. Fish assemblages were visually investigated using a belt transect method and the line-intercept technique was used to examine the substrate composition. 101 species of fish belonging to 31 families were recorded. Algal farming affected the associated fish fauna in terms of abundance, species richness, trophic identity and fish community composition. However, the impact differed between the lagoons. Algal farms in one lagoon hosted a more abundant and diversified fish fauna than controls, whereas farms in the other lagoon exhibited lower fish densities and similar species diversity compared to controls. The discrepancies between lagoons may be an effect of differences in farming intensity and character of the substratum.  相似文献   

Carbon dioxide partial pressure and carbon fluxes of air-water interface in Taihu Lake, China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

范成新  胡维平  Phillip W. Ford  陈宇炜  瞿文川  张路 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2005,23(1):29-38

1 INTRODUCTION Carbon dioxide (CO2) is principal greenhouse gas. Its air-water exchange is important in terrestrial ecosystems for climate change (Frankignoulle et al., 1998; Schimel et al., 2001). The direction of CO2 gas movement depends on the CO2 concentration gradient between air and surface water. The amount of CO2 exchange is related to the gas exchange coefficient, k. All lakes, with their small area but large atmospheric CO2 flux are important to under-stand the CO2 fluxes …  相似文献